Fysiikka - Physics

The Orientation Days activities. Practical study-related information, degree requirements. Planning of Master's studies. Preparation of the electronic personal study plan (PSP). Getting familiar with the support in monitoring the progress of the studies. Use of digital services in studies. The Academic Library collections and databases. Information security training.

This course offers a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental concepts of particle physics, bridging both theoretical foundations and experimental analysis. Students will explore the core principles of special relativity and quantum mechanics as they apply to particle interactions and decays, while gaining hands-on experience in data analysis using Python or similar programming languages. Topics include decay rates, cross-sections, the Dirac equation, Feynman diagrams, and deep inelastic scattering, providing a strong foundation for further studies in experimental and theoretical particle physics.Underlying concepts [special relativity, quantum mechanics] Decay rates and cross sections [Lorentz-invariance, matrix element] The Dirac equation [relativistic QM => spin + antimatter] Interaction by particle exchange [Feynman diagrams] Electron-positron annihilation [calculations in perturbation theory] Electron-proton elastic scattering [form factor] Deep inelastic scattering [Bjorken x, PDFs] (*Symmetries and the quark model)

This course explores the functional properties and applications of shape memory alloys (SMAs) and magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs), such as Ni-Ti and Ni-Mn-Ga alloy systems. Students will examine the microstructural features and phase transformations that enable key phenomena such as the shape memory effect, superelasticity, the magnetic shape memory effect, and caloric effects. The course covers SMA and MSMA behaviour, alloy design, material processing techniques, and the challenges of manufacturing and integrating these materials into functional devices, including the design of simple components. Examples of practical applications in fields such as biomedicine, aerospace, and robotics are also discussed. Instruction includes weekly lectures and quizzes, laboratory demonstrations, and an individual assignment (literature review and presentation to fellow students).

This course provides students with an opportunity to apply their previously acquired knowledge of characterisation techniques in an individual experimental project. Students will analyse metallic samples—either their own or those provided by the instructor—by first defining research objectives, selecting appropriate characterisation techniques, designing experimental procedures, preparing samples, conducting measurements, post-processing the experimental data, and critically interpreting the results. Throughout the course, students will work independently under the supervision of the teachers for guidance and feedback. Ultimately, each student writes a comprehensive technical report that includes methodology, results, discussion, and conclusions and presents their findings to their fellow students.

This course provides a basic-level understanding of key characterisation techniques (listed under ‘Learning Outcomes’) used to analyse the compositional, microstructural, and crystallographic properties of metals, including those produced through casting, laser additive manufacturing, or different single-crystal growth techniques. The course emphasises both theoretical knowledge and practical implementation, providing students with hands-on laboratory experience. Additionally, students will develop a theoretical foundation in studying metal microstructures, including phases, grain boundaries, crystallographic textures, and common defects. The course is structured into two-week modules, each focusing on a specific characterisation method. Each module includes a theoretical lecture, a quiz in Moodle, and a hands-on laboratory exercise where students apply the technique in practice. Based on their experiments, students collaborate in groups to write technical measurement reports, documenting and interpreting their results. A discussion session is held in the second week of each module to review findings before transitioning to the next topic. Furthermore, students will complete a small individual literature review on a selected characterisation method or its application, culminating in a presentation of their findings in a seminar session at the end of the course.

The students will learn basic properties of superconductivity, London equations, thermodynamics of the superconducting transition, intermediate state, coherence length, current in superconductor, thin films, BCS-theory, type-II superconductors, high-Tc superconductors, and some applications of superconductivity.

The goal of this advanced course is to give Master's students with a background in physics or a similar discipline a basic understanding of readout electronics and microelectronics, as well as their crucial significance in contemporary experimental physics. Students who complete the course will have the basic theoretical understanding and practical abilities needed to develop, estimate, and troubleshoot electronic systems that are used to measure and detect physical signals.

The theory, design, and applications of Solid State Detectors (SSDs), which are essential in many scientific and engineering fields, are examined in this advanced master's-level course. The course includes both theoretical principles and real-world applications.

Structure, operation and physics of semiconductor devices.

Mechanics part of the course: Basics of translational and rotational motion, Newton's laws, principles of conservation of energy, momentum and angular momentum. Thermal Physics: Physical basics of thermodynamics, the laws of thermodynamics, thermodynamic engines and cyclic processes. Electricity: Electrostatics (electric force, field and potential), direct-current circuits, magnetism (magnetic force and field), electromagnetic induction.

Lämpö-osuus: Lämpöopin fysikaaliset perusteet, termodynamiikan pääsäännöt sekä termodynaamiset laitteet ja kiertoprosessit. Sähkö-osuus: Sähköstatiikka (sähköinen voima, sähkökenttä, sähkökentän potentiaali), tasavirtapiirit, magnetismi (magneettinen voima, magneettikenttä), sähkömagneettinen induktio, vaihtovirtapiirien perusteet.

Lämpö-osuus: Lämpöopin fysikaaliset perusteet, termodynamiikan pääsäännöt sekä termodynaamiset laitteet ja kiertoprosessit. Sähkö-osuus: Sähköstatiikka (sähköinen voima, sähkökenttä, sähkökentän potentiaali), tasavirtapiirit, magnetismi (magneettinen voima, magneettikenttä), sähkömagneettinen induktio, vaihtovirtapiirien perusteet.

Mekaniikka-osuus: Etenevän ja pyörimisliikkeen perusteet, Newtonin lait, säilymislait (energia, liikemäärä ja liikemäärämomentti). Aaltoliike-osuus: Mekaaniset värähtelyt (harmoninen, vaimeneva, pakotettu), harmoninen aalto, mekaaniset ja sähkömagneettiset aallot, interferenssi, diffraktio, polarisaatio.

Mekaniikka-osuus: Etenevän ja pyörimisliikkeen perusteet, Newtonin lait, säilymislait (energia, liikemäärä ja liikemäärämomentti). Aaltoliike-osuus: Mekaaniset värähtelyt (harmoninen, vaimeneva, pakotettu), harmoninen aalto, mekaaniset ja sähkömagneettiset aallot, interferenssi, diffraktio, polarisaatio.